Computer Fundamentals and Organization

(d) Firefox Mozilla

Firefox (Mozilla Firefox) is a web browser used to access websites, not a search engine. Google, Altavista and Yahoo are search engines.

(c) Touch Screen

A touch screen is the display screen that detects and recognizes touch input (finger or stylus contact) and converts it into commands for the device. The other options are not real screen types.

(c) TB>GB>MB>KB

The size order of memory units is $KB < MB < GB < TB$ (each is 1024 times the previous one). Option (c) is the only one that lists the four units in this correct size order, written from largest to smallest. Strictly, "ascending" would be written KB < MB < GB < TB, which is not printed among the options, so (c) is the intended choice.

(a) World Wide Web

WWW stands for World Wide Web — the system of interlinked hypertext documents accessed over the Internet. It was invented by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989 at CERN.

(a) Spam

Junk email is unsolicited bulk mail sent to many recipients at once, and it is commonly called spam. Spoofing is faking a sender's identity, and a sniffer is a tool that captures network traffic — neither means junk mail.

(a) Powerpoint

PowerPoint is Microsoft's presentation graphics program, used to create slide shows. Word is for text documents, Excel for spreadsheets, and the Internet is a network of networks — none of these is meant for making presentation slides.

(a) Charles Babbage

Charles Babbage designed the Analytical Engine (1837), the first general-purpose programmable mechanical computer, so he is called the father of the computer. Blaise Pascal built an early mechanical calculator (Pascaline), Gordon Moore gave Moore's Law, and John von Neumann proposed the stored-program architecture.

(a) RAM

RAM (Random Access Memory) is the primary memory of a computer, used to store data and instructions temporarily while the computer is running. Keyboard, printer and mouse are input/output devices, not memory.

(b) Application Software

MS-Word is a word-processing program used to create and edit documents. It runs on top of the operating system to perform a specific user task, so it is application software — not an operating system (like Windows or Linux), nor a hardware device.

(b) Hard Copy

A hard copy is the physical, printed form of output on paper or another tangible medium. A soft copy, by contrast, exists only in electronic form on a screen or storage device.