Engineering Aptitude

(a) Ordinary Portland Cement OPC is the common general-purpose cement made by grinding clinker with gypsum.

(c) 50 Kg A standard bag of cement weighs 50 kg (about 0.035 m³ in volume).

(b) Spark plug In a petrol (spark-ignition) engine the air-fuel charge is ignited by an electric spark from the spark plug.

(a) Break Horse Power (BHP) Brake power is the useful power measured at the output shaft; IHP is the power developed inside the cylinder, and IHP = BHP + FHP.

(a) Code Division Multiple Access CDMA is a channel access method in which many users share the same frequency band, each distinguished by a unique code.

(d) Either emitter or collector In a PNP transistor the two outer P-type regions act as emitter and collector, and the middle N-type region is the base.

(c) Remote login TELNET is a protocol that lets a user log in to and work on a remote computer over a network.

(c) 3 The 9's complement of a digit d is 9 - d, so 9 - 6 = 3.

(a) Step Up Before long-distance transmission the voltage is stepped up to reduce current, and hence the $I^2R$ line loss.

(b) Minimize eddy current loss Thin insulated laminations break up the paths of eddy currents in the core, greatly reducing eddy current loss. (Hysteresis loss is reduced by the choice of core material, such as silicon steel.)

(c) 400mm to 600mm Zebra crossing stripes are painted parallel to the traffic flow with a standard width in the range 400 mm to 600 mm.

(b) Post Office Protocol POP (commonly POP3) is the protocol used by an email client to retrieve mail from a mail server.

(b) Calcareous Cement is made mainly from calcareous material (limestone, rich in lime) mixed with argillaceous material (clay); lime is the main constituent, so cement is classed as calcareous.

(c) $V_1=E_1$ and $V_2=E_2$ At no load there is negligible current, so the voltage drops are negligible and the terminal voltages equal the induced emfs on both sides.