Logical Reasoning

(d) Jingle : Commercial

A dirge is a song sung at a funeral, just as a jingle is a song used in a commercial.

(b) Farm: Farmer

A teacher is the person who works in and runs a school, just as a farmer is the person who works in a farm.

(b) Contractor : Building

A cobbler makes (or repairs) shoes, just as a contractor makes (builds) buildings: a worker and the product of their trade.

(a) Layer: Level

Division and section are near-synonyms, and so are layer and level. The other pairs are not synonyms.

(c) Tire: Bicycle

A petal is a part of a flower, just as a tire is a part of a bicycle.

(b) China

Baht is the currency of Thailand; Yuan is the currency of China.

(e) Page

A pane is one section of a window, just as a page is one section of a book (part to whole).

(c) Facebook

Steve Jobs co-founded Apple; Mark Zuckerberg co-founded Facebook (now Meta).

(b) Chaos

Command and order are synonyms; confusion and chaos are synonyms.

(d) Chapter

A drama is divided into scenes, just as a book is divided into chapters.

(c) 63

13, 17, 23 and 71 are prime numbers, while $63=7\times9$ is composite.

(e) 493

$165=11\times15$, $275=11\times25$, $341=11\times31$ and $583=11\times53$ are all multiples of 11. But $493=17\times29$ is not.

(c) Orange

Orange is a citrus fruit with a segmented, juicy pulp, whereas papaya, mango, pomegranate and guava are not citrus fruits.

(d) Google

Internet Explorer, Chrome, Opera and Firefox are web browsers, whereas Google is a search engine (a website).

(a) Mercury

Mercury is a liquid at room temperature; copper, aluminium, iron and gold are solid metals.

(c) Sociology

Biology, chemistry, zoology and physics are natural (physical or life) sciences, whereas sociology is a social science.

(d) Ounce

Inch, centimeter, miles and yard are units of length; the ounce is a unit of weight (mass).

(e) Maldives

Dhaka, New Delhi, Beijing and Bangkok are capital cities; Maldives is a country (its capital is Male).

(b) Carrot

Pea, bean, cucumber and pumpkin are fruits or pods that grow above the ground on vines or plants; the carrot is a root vegetable growing underground.

(e) Chess

Volleyball, cricket, hockey and football are outdoor or physical team sports played with a ball; chess is a mind game played on a board.

(d) rfkfnp

Compare BELIEF with afkkdi letter by letter: the shifts are $-1, +1, -1, +2, -1, +3$ (odd positions move back one, even positions move forward by 1, 2, 3). For SELDOM: S$-1$ = R, E$+1$ = F, L$-1$ = K, D$+2$ = F, O$-1$ = N, M$+3$ = P, giving rfkfnp.

(c) Daughter

"My father's wife" is the man's mother, and "the only son of my mother" is the man himself. So the girl is the daughter of the man.

(c) SEAT

Using the code: 3 = S, 2 = E, 7 = A, 1 = T, so 3271 reads SEAT.

(e) None of these

Substituting the symbols gives $48 \div 12 \times 10 - 8 + 4$. By BODMAS: $48 \div 12 = 4$, $4 \times 10 = 40$, $40 - 8 = 32$, $32 + 4 = 36$. Since 36 is not among (a)-(d), the answer is "None of these".

(b) 8

The code is twice the number of letters: DRIVER (6 letters) = 12, PSYCHOLOGY (10) = 20, UNIVERSE (8) = 16. HOME has 4 letters, so $2 \times 4 = 8$.

(a) 19 33

The series is made of groups of three: (9, 11, 33), (13, 15, 33), (17, 19, 33). Each group has two odd numbers increasing by 2 and then 33, so the next terms are 19 and 33.

(d) XVI

In numerals the series is 24, 20, ?, 12, 8, decreasing by 4 each time. The missing term is $20 - 4 = 16$ = XVI.

(c) AB

Take the first letters Q, R, T, W (positions 17, 18, 20, 23): the gaps are $+1, +2, +3$, so the next gap is $+4$, giving 27, which wraps to A (and then $+5$ gives F, matching FH). The second letters N, P, S, W (14, 16, 19, 23) have gaps $+2, +3, +4$, so the next gap is $+5$, giving 28, which wraps to B (and then $+6$ gives H). The missing term is AB.

(e) 40 25

The series interleaves two sequences. Terms in odd places: 1, 7, 13, 19, ... (add 6), so the next is 25. Terms in even places: 10, 20, 30, ... (add 10), so the next is 40. The continuation is 40, 25.

(b) BC3D

In each term the letters B, C, D stay in order and a number is inserted, increasing by 1 each time (2, 3, 4, 5, 6), while the number's position shifts one place right and then resets: after B, after C, after D, then again after B, after C. So the second term has 3 after C: BC3D.

(d) Neither I nor II follows

All trucks are flies and some scooters are flies; the middle term "flies" is not distributed in either premise, so no valid conclusion links trucks and scooters. Conclusions I and II are not complementary, so "either/or" does not apply either.

(e) No conclusion

Apples are a subset of fruits, but "some fruits are oranges" need not include any apples; the middle term "fruits" is undistributed in the second premise. Hence neither "some apples are oranges" nor "some oranges are apples" follows, and the two are not a complementary pair.

(c) Only II and III follow

Calculators $\subset$ boxes $\subset$ taps. II follows: all calculators are taps, so some taps are calculators. III follows: all calculators are boxes, so some boxes are calculators. I does not follow, since the machines that are taps need not be boxes.

(b) Only II and IV follow

Phones $\subset$ scales $\subset$ calculators. II (all phones are calculators) follows by transitivity, and IV (some calculators are phones) is its converse. I and III reverse the universal statements and do not follow.

(c) Only III and IV follow

III is the converse of "some psychologists are scientists", and IV follows from "all research scholars are psychologists" (some psychologists are research scholars). I and II do not follow because the scientists among the psychologists may not be research scholars.

(b) 35

In each row the fourth number is (first + second) $\times$ third: $(1+2)\times 3 = 9$, $(2+3)\times 4 = 20$. So the missing value is $(3+4)\times 5 = 35$.

(a) 10th July

Three months after 10 April is 10 July. The days from 10 April to 10 July are $30 + 31 + 30 = 91 = 13 \times 7$, a whole number of weeks, so 10 July is also a Sunday. The other options (19, 21, 25 and 30 July) do not fall on Sunday.