Chapter 3 · 8 hours
Health and wellness
SEE past exam questions
Past questions and answers
10 questions set from this chapter. Most repeated first.
- 2080 Chaitra · Bagmati · 5 marks
Choose and copy the correct answer from the brackets to complete the given text. (Rewriting is not required. Write the letters of the blank spaces and the correct answer). (10x0.5=5)
Getting up early in the morning is one of (a)..... (a/ an/ the/ no article) healthy habits. Many people are not interested (b)..... (at/ on/ in/ for) it. You have to go to bed early for early rise, (c)....... (have you/ do you/ haven't you/ don't you)? The healthy people (d)......... (is/ are/ was/ has) recognized by their work stamina. Many sports academies (e) ...... (work/ are working/ worked/ have been working) hard on health aspects for a long time.
Balanced diet is another important crosscutting issue for keeping an individual healthy. If we (f)...... (have/ had/ had had/ would have) balanced diet, we can be healthy. We (g) ........ (prescribe/ prescribed/ have prescribed/ are prescribed) the quantity of nutrients by nutritionists. They also advise us (h) ... (don't take/ not to take/ not take/ didn't take) spicy and oily food to be healthy.
Yoga is another important requirement for us to keep ourselves healthy. We should do yoga (i)......... (so that/ in order to/ because / as) we can keep ourselves mentally and spiritually healthy. Many Yoga clubs are established considering this fact. They make us (j) .... (is/ be/ was/ have been) aware about keeping ourselves healthy.
Balanced diet is another important crosscutting issue for keeping an individual healthy. If we (f)...... (have/ had/ had had/ would have) balanced diet, we can be healthy. We (g) ........ (prescribe/ prescribed/ have prescribed/ are prescribed) the quantity of nutrients by nutritionists. They also advise us (h) ... (don't take/ not to take/ not take/ didn't take) spicy and oily food to be healthy.
Yoga is another important requirement for us to keep ourselves healthy. We should do yoga (i)......... (so that/ in order to/ because / as) we can keep ourselves mentally and spiritually healthy. Many Yoga clubs are established considering this fact. They make us (j) .... (is/ be/ was/ have been) aware about keeping ourselves healthy.
Answer
(a) the - 'one of the' is a fixed phrase and is followed by a plural noun. (b) in - 'interested in' is the correct preposition. (c) don't you - the main clause is positive ('You have to...'), so a negative tag is used. (d) are - 'The healthy people' is plural. (e) have been working - the phrase 'for a long time' needs the present perfect continuous. (f) have - a first conditional: 'If we have..., we can be healthy'. (g) are prescribed - passive voice, because the quantity is prescribed by nutritionists. (h) not to take - 'advise someone not to + verb'. (i) so that - it expresses purpose with a clause ('we can keep ourselves...'). (j) be - 'make us + base verb'.
Answer checked by Claude Sonnet · Oct 21, 2026
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- 2080 Chaitra · Karnali · 5+5 marks
Read the following text and do the tasks that follow.
Many chronic conditions such as cancer, neurological and mental disorders, cardiovascular diseases, obesity and type 2 diabetes can be prevented or modified through better lifestyles and healthier diets.
Many projects are delivering insights such as how diabetes and obesity can be prevented, how they progress, how early diagnosis can improve quality of life, and how to select the best treatments.
But despite the improvements, much more needs to be done, particularly because of the trans-generational effects of obesity and diabetes.
Horizon 2020, Europe's 80 billion euro research and innovation programme, is designed to tackle society's biggest challenges.
The two things that are most relevant to 'A Healthy Diet for A Healthy Life' are food safety and the bioeconomy, and health, demographic change and wellbeing.
For the next seven years, these challenges will fund the very best research on nutrition, health, diet-related disease and ageing and translate the knowledge gained into innovative and effective products, treatments, services and strategies to benefit all patients, and to prevent many people from developing disease in the first place.
It will require an unprecedented level of cooperation along the healthcare innovation chain, starting with researchers that characterise diseases, to those who use this knowledge by developing new biomarkers, diagnostics and medicines and to regulators who evaluate and approve them.
2.1 Write 'TRUE' for true statements and 'FALSE' for the false ones. (5×1=5)
I. Cardiovascular diseases are not chronic diseases.
II. Healthy diets fight against the diseases that continue for a long time.
III. Research studies have given much understanding to improve quality of life.
IV. Trans-generational effects of obesity and diabetes call for no action at all.
V. Cooperative activities among health care professionals can help prevent chronic diseases.
2.2 Answer the following questions. (5×1=5)
I. What type of disease is type 2 diabetes?
II. Mention any two insights given by the research projects.
III. What is Horizon 2020 designed for?
IV. Which two things are important for a 'A Healthy Diet for A Healthy Life'?
V. How will the knowledge gained from the research benefit all patients?
Many projects are delivering insights such as how diabetes and obesity can be prevented, how they progress, how early diagnosis can improve quality of life, and how to select the best treatments.
But despite the improvements, much more needs to be done, particularly because of the trans-generational effects of obesity and diabetes.
Horizon 2020, Europe's 80 billion euro research and innovation programme, is designed to tackle society's biggest challenges.
The two things that are most relevant to 'A Healthy Diet for A Healthy Life' are food safety and the bioeconomy, and health, demographic change and wellbeing.
For the next seven years, these challenges will fund the very best research on nutrition, health, diet-related disease and ageing and translate the knowledge gained into innovative and effective products, treatments, services and strategies to benefit all patients, and to prevent many people from developing disease in the first place.
It will require an unprecedented level of cooperation along the healthcare innovation chain, starting with researchers that characterise diseases, to those who use this knowledge by developing new biomarkers, diagnostics and medicines and to regulators who evaluate and approve them.
Answer
2.1 True or False
I. FALSE. Cardiovascular diseases are listed among the chronic conditions. II. TRUE. Healthier diets can prevent or modify long-lasting (chronic) conditions. III. TRUE. Many projects deliver insights, for example how early diagnosis can improve quality of life. IV. FALSE. The text says much more needs to be done because of these effects. V. TRUE. The text calls for an unprecedented level of cooperation along the healthcare innovation chain to prevent disease.
2.2 Answer the following questions
I. Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition (disease) that can be prevented or modified through a better lifestyle and diet. II. The projects show how diabetes and obesity can be prevented and how they progress (also how early diagnosis improves quality of life and how to select the best treatments). III. Horizon 2020 is designed to tackle society's biggest challenges. IV. Food safety and the bioeconomy, and health, demographic change and wellbeing are the two important things. V. The knowledge will be translated into innovative and effective products, treatments, services and strategies that benefit all patients and prevent many people from developing disease in the first place.
Answer checked by Claude Sonnet · Oct 21, 2026
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- 2080 Chaitra · Madhesh · 5 marks
Write a set of rules and regulations to be followed in a hospital. (5x1=5)
free ticket for children ........... silence .............. wait for turn ............ wastes in the bin .......... visiting time ............. outside food not allowed for patients ...............
Answer
Rules and Regulations of the Hospital
- Children are given a free ticket; they should be accompanied by an adult.
- Maintain silence in the hospital premises so that patients are not disturbed.
- Wait for your turn at the counter and in front of the doctor's room; do not push or break the queue.
- Throw wastes in the bins provided and keep the hospital clean.
- Visit patients only during the fixed visiting time and avoid crowds in the wards.
- Outside food is not allowed for patients; give only what the doctor or hospital permits.
Answer checked by Claude Sonnet · Oct 21, 2026
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- 2081 Chaitra · Bagmati · 15 marks
Read the article given below and do the tasks.
Health experts get tough on school lunches
It's lunchtime at Hall Memorial School in Connecticut, and 10 year old Haley is making her way through the food line. Many of her friends are thrilled with the day's lunch selections: pizza and French fries and hot dogs. But Haley feels discouraged. "I use four or five napkins just trying to get the grease off the pizza," she says. "Where are the healthy options?"
Health experts are asking the same question. They say foods high in fat, salt and sugar should be banned from school lunch programs. This includes some items you might not suspect, like fruit punch, which is loaded with sugar, and macaroni and cheese, which is sky-high in fat and salt. "Children are already consuming too much junk food," says Jen Keller, a dietitian at the Physician's Committee for Responsible Medicine. "It's important to offer them only healthy items in school."
It's not that health experts want to deprive kids of foods they like best. They just want to help kids avoid many of the health problems that come with eating large quantities of unhealthful food. Today, 15 percent of children ages 6 to 11 are obese or seriously overweight. That's up from just 6.5 percent in the late 1970s. Poor diet and obesity can cause diseases like type - 2 diabetes, which can lead to blindness and kidney problems. As of a few years ago, this disease was so rare in children that it was called "adult onset diabetes." "Many foods that are offered in cafeterias are linked to these problems," Keller says.
Most schools do offer some healthful foods, but experts say that doesn't solve the problem. "Given a choice, most kids are going to choose junk over something healthy," says Pat Thorton, a psychologist who studies obesity in children. Throton and other experts agree that schools and parents need to educate kids about making good food choices, both in and out of school.
A. Write 'TRUE' for true and 'FALSE' for the false statements. (5×1=5)
(i) Haley found the pizza in the school lunch too oily.
(ii) Fruit punch is a hygienic food.
(iii) Obesity can cause type 2 diabetes.
(iv) Most foods at school cafeteria are healthy.
(v) Pat Thorton is a food expert.
B. Match the meanings in column 'A' with the correct words in column 'B'. One word does not have a match. (5×1=5)
Column A Column B (i) feeling or showing great excitement and pleasure (a) obesity (ii) feeling less confident (b) punch (iii) a drink made by mixing water, fruit, juice and spices (c) dietitian (iv) A person who advises people about healthy food habits (d) expert (v) the fact of being fat in an unhealthy way (e) discouraged (f) thrilled
C. Answer the following questions. (5×1=5)
(i) Who are thrilled with the day's lunch selection?
(ii) According to experts, what kind of foods should be banned from schools?
(iii) What can be the cause of blindness and kidney problems?
(iv) What is the percentage of obese children of 6 to 11 years?
(v) Where do the kids need to be educated about food choices?
It's lunchtime at Hall Memorial School in Connecticut, and 10 year old Haley is making her way through the food line. Many of her friends are thrilled with the day's lunch selections: pizza and French fries and hot dogs. But Haley feels discouraged. "I use four or five napkins just trying to get the grease off the pizza," she says. "Where are the healthy options?"
Health experts are asking the same question. They say foods high in fat, salt and sugar should be banned from school lunch programs. This includes some items you might not suspect, like fruit punch, which is loaded with sugar, and macaroni and cheese, which is sky-high in fat and salt. "Children are already consuming too much junk food," says Jen Keller, a dietitian at the Physician's Committee for Responsible Medicine. "It's important to offer them only healthy items in school."
It's not that health experts want to deprive kids of foods they like best. They just want to help kids avoid many of the health problems that come with eating large quantities of unhealthful food. Today, 15 percent of children ages 6 to 11 are obese or seriously overweight. That's up from just 6.5 percent in the late 1970s. Poor diet and obesity can cause diseases like type - 2 diabetes, which can lead to blindness and kidney problems. As of a few years ago, this disease was so rare in children that it was called "adult onset diabetes." "Many foods that are offered in cafeterias are linked to these problems," Keller says.
Most schools do offer some healthful foods, but experts say that doesn't solve the problem. "Given a choice, most kids are going to choose junk over something healthy," says Pat Thorton, a psychologist who studies obesity in children. Throton and other experts agree that schools and parents need to educate kids about making good food choices, both in and out of school.
Answer
A. True or False
(i) TRUE. Haley uses four or five napkins to get the grease off the pizza. (ii) FALSE. Fruit punch is loaded with sugar, so it is not healthy. (iii) TRUE. Poor diet and obesity can cause diseases like type 2 diabetes. (iv) FALSE. Experts say that many foods in cafeterias are linked to health problems. (v) FALSE. Pat Thorton is a psychologist who studies obesity in children, not a food expert (dietitian).
B. Match
(i) feeling or showing great excitement and pleasure - (f) thrilled (ii) feeling less confident - (e) discouraged (iii) a drink made by mixing water, fruit, juice and spices - (b) punch (iv) a person who advises people about healthy food habits - (c) dietitian (v) the fact of being fat in an unhealthy way - (a) obesity
The extra word is (d) expert.
C. Answer the following questions
(i) Many of Haley's friends are thrilled with the day's lunch selection. (ii) Foods high in fat, salt and sugar should be banned from school lunch programmes. (iii) Poor diet and obesity can cause type 2 diabetes, which can lead to blindness and kidney problems. (iv) Fifteen percent of children aged 6 to 11 are obese or seriously overweight. (v) Kids need to be educated about making good food choices both in school and out of school (by schools and parents).
Answer checked by Claude Sonnet · Oct 21, 2026
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- 2081 Chaitra · Koshi · 6 marks
You became sick and met a doctor the day before. The doctor gave you some medicines; and suggested that you should rest at home for 3 days. Write an application for leave in about 150 words to your class teacher mentioning the reason for your leave, the duration and the dates you will be absent. Also, assure your teacher that you will cover the course you miss in your absence.
Answer
Kathmandu
14 October 2026
The Class Teacher Class 10 Shree Janata Secondary School Kathmandu
Subject: Application for leave of three days
Respected Sir/Madam,
I beg to state that I became sick yesterday and consulted a doctor. After checking me, the doctor gave me some medicines and advised me to take complete rest at home for three days. So I will not be able to attend school from 14 October to 16 October 2026.
I therefore request you to kindly grant me leave for these three days. I will cover all the lessons and the classwork that I miss in my absence with the help of my friends and notes, and I will submit the homework as soon as I return.
I shall be grateful for your kind consideration.
Yours obediently, Sunil Karki Class 10, Roll no. 15
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- 2081 Chaitra · Lumbini · 8 marks
Write an essay expressing your opinion on the effects of junk food in human health. Write it in about 200 words.
Answer
Effects of Junk Food on Human Health
Junk food such as pizza, burgers, noodles, fries, chips and soft drinks is popular all over the world, especially among teenagers. It is tasty, cheap and easy to get, but in my opinion it is very harmful to human health.
Junk food contains a large amount of fat, sugar, salt and artificial colours, but very little protein, vitamins and fibre. If we eat it regularly, we gain weight and become obese. Obesity can lead to serious diseases like type 2 diabetes, high blood pressure and heart problems. The oily food also causes indigestion, acidity and tooth decay. Children who eat junk food lose their appetite for nutritious meals, which affects their growth and their ability to concentrate on studies. It can also make them lazy and moody.
To stay healthy, we should limit junk food and eat more fruits, vegetables, pulses and home-cooked meals. Schools should not sell unhealthy food, and parents should guide their children to make healthy choices. Exercise and drinking enough water are also important.
In conclusion, junk food may satisfy our taste for a moment, but it harms our health in the long run. A healthy diet is the real key to a healthy life.
Answer checked by Claude Sonnet · Oct 21, 2026
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- 2081 Chaitra · Madhesh · 6 marks
There is growing trend of using smartphones by people these days. Write two paragraphs expressing your views on the effects of overuse of smart phones on human health.
Answer
Smartphones have made our life easier, but their overuse is harming human health. Looking at a small bright screen for hours strains the eyes and causes headaches and poor sleep, because the light disturbs the body's natural rhythm. Bending the neck over the phone for long causes neck and back pain, and sitting with it all day means very little physical exercise, which leads to obesity. Moreover, constant use of social media and games can cause stress, anxiety and loneliness, and many people become addicted.
To avoid these problems, we should use smartphones only when needed and set a time limit. We should keep them away one hour before bedtime, take regular breaks from the screen, and spend more time on outdoor games, exercise and talking face to face with family and friends. Parents and teachers should guide children so that they use the phone for learning and not for wasting time. If used wisely, a smartphone is a useful tool; if overused, it becomes a threat to our physical and mental health.
Answer checked by Claude Sonnet · Oct 21, 2026
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- 2082 Chaitra · Bagmati · 5+5+5 marks
Read the text and do the tasks.
The deadliest virus in modern history, perhaps of all time, was the 1918 Spanish Flu. It killed about 20 to 50 million people worldwide, perhaps more. The total death toll is unknown because medical records were not kept in many areas.
The pandemic hit during World War I and devastated military troops. In the United States, for instance, more servicemen were killed from the flu than from the war itself. The Spanish flu was fatal to a higher proportion of young adults than most flu viruses.
The pandemic started mildly, in the spring of 1918, but was followed by a much more severe wave in the fall of 1918. The war likely contributed to the devastating mortality numbers, as large outbreaks occurred in military forces living in close quarters. Poor nutrition and the unsanitary conditions of war camps had an effect.
A third wave occurred in the winter and spring of 1919, and a fourth, smaller wave occurred in a few areas in spring 1920. Initial symptoms of the flu were typical: sore throat, headache, and fever. The flu often progressed rapidly to cause severe pneumonia and sometimes hemorrhage in the lungs and mucus membranes. A characteristic feature of severe cases of the Spanish Flu was heliotrope cyanosis, where the patient's face turned blue from lack of oxygen in the cells. Death usually followed within hours or days.
Modern medicine such as vaccines, antivirals, and antibiotics for secondary infections were not available at that time, so medical personnel couldn't do much more than try to relieve symptoms.
The flu ended when it had infected enough people that those who were susceptible had either died or developed immunity.
A. Match the meanings in Column A with the correct words from the text in Column B. One of the words in Column B does not have a match. (5×1=5)
Column A Column B a. a disease that spreads over the world i. military b. connected with soldiers ii. feature c. a part of whole iii. immunity d. people who work for an organisation iv. proportion e. the body's ability to avoid disease v. pandemic vi. personnel
B. Write TRUE for true and FALSE for false statements. (5×1=5)
a. More people died due to flu than the war.
b. The Spanish Flu killed young adults more than other age groups.
c. The last wave of the Spanish Flu occurred in 1919.
d. A person would die within a short period of time after getting heliotrope cyanosis due to the flu.
e. The medical personnel could cure the flu using modern medicine.
C. Copy the correct answers from the given alternatives. (5×1=5)
a. Why was it difficult to find the exact number of death toll caused by the Spanish Flu?
i. because a large number of people died
ii. because there was war at that time
iii. because the virus was the deadliest
iv. because medical records were not kept
b. When did the Spanish Flu begin to spread in the world?
i. in the spring of 1918
ii. in the fall of 1918
iii. in the spring of 1919
iv. in the spring of 1920
c. What was the main reason of the outbreak of the Spanish Flu among the soldiers?
i. They lacked nutrition.
ii. They lived in closed quarters.
iii. They had poor sanitation.
iv. They lacked medical facilities.
d. What happens when a person has a severe case of the Spanish Flu?
i. The person's face turns blue.
ii. The person gets pneumonia.
iii. There is hemorrhage in lungs.
iv. There is hemorrhage in mucus membranes.
e. How did the spread of the Spanish Flu come to an end?
i. People received vaccines.
ii. People had antibiotics.
iii. People developed immunity.
iv. People used antivirals.
The pandemic hit during World War I and devastated military troops. In the United States, for instance, more servicemen were killed from the flu than from the war itself. The Spanish flu was fatal to a higher proportion of young adults than most flu viruses.
The pandemic started mildly, in the spring of 1918, but was followed by a much more severe wave in the fall of 1918. The war likely contributed to the devastating mortality numbers, as large outbreaks occurred in military forces living in close quarters. Poor nutrition and the unsanitary conditions of war camps had an effect.
A third wave occurred in the winter and spring of 1919, and a fourth, smaller wave occurred in a few areas in spring 1920. Initial symptoms of the flu were typical: sore throat, headache, and fever. The flu often progressed rapidly to cause severe pneumonia and sometimes hemorrhage in the lungs and mucus membranes. A characteristic feature of severe cases of the Spanish Flu was heliotrope cyanosis, where the patient's face turned blue from lack of oxygen in the cells. Death usually followed within hours or days.
Modern medicine such as vaccines, antivirals, and antibiotics for secondary infections were not available at that time, so medical personnel couldn't do much more than try to relieve symptoms.
The flu ended when it had infected enough people that those who were susceptible had either died or developed immunity.
Answer
A. Match
a. a disease that spreads over the world - v. pandemic b. connected with soldiers - i. military c. a part of a whole - iv. proportion d. people who work for an organisation - vi. personnel e. the body's ability to avoid disease - iii. immunity
The extra word is ii. feature.
B. True or False
a. FALSE. The text says that in the United States more servicemen died from the flu than from the war itself, but it does not claim this for all people. b. TRUE. The flu was fatal to a higher proportion of young adults than most flu viruses. c. FALSE. The last (fourth) wave occurred in a few areas in spring 1920. d. TRUE. Death usually followed within hours or days. e. FALSE. Modern medicine such as vaccines and antivirals was not available then, so the personnel could only relieve the symptoms.
C. Choose the correct answer
a. iv. because medical records were not kept in many areas. b. i. in the spring of 1918 - the pandemic started mildly then. c. ii. They lived in closed (close) quarters. Large outbreaks occurred in military forces living in close quarters. d. i. The person's face turns blue (heliotrope cyanosis), which was the characteristic feature of severe cases. e. iii. People developed immunity. The flu ended when those susceptible had either died or developed immunity.
Answer checked by Claude Sonnet · Oct 21, 2026
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- 2082 Chaitra · Koshi · 5 marks
Read the text and write TRUE for true and FALSE for false statements. (5×1=5)
Ladies and gentlemen,
I'm delighted to have the honour of opening this international conference on the Joint Programming Initiative "A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life".
It's a topic that's never out of the media, with endless variations on whether carbs, fat, sugar or protein are good or bad, or reports on the latest wonderfood that will stop cancer in its tracks or help us live longer.
We are now relying on science and innovation to help us tackle the new public health challenge that is diet and lifestyle-related diseases such as overweight and obesity–sometimes described as the greatest public health challenge of our times.
a. The speaker is addressing an international conference.
b. 'A Healthy Diet for Healthy Life' is a common topic on the media.
c. Reports say that wonderfood causes cancer.
d. Obesity has been a challenge for public health for a long time.
e. Science helps us fight with the public health challenge.
I'm delighted to have the honour of opening this international conference on the Joint Programming Initiative "A Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life".
It's a topic that's never out of the media, with endless variations on whether carbs, fat, sugar or protein are good or bad, or reports on the latest wonderfood that will stop cancer in its tracks or help us live longer.
We are now relying on science and innovation to help us tackle the new public health challenge that is diet and lifestyle-related diseases such as overweight and obesity–sometimes described as the greatest public health challenge of our times.
Answer
a. TRUE. The speaker is opening an international conference. b. TRUE. The topic is never out of the media. c. FALSE. Reports say the latest wonderfood will stop cancer, not cause it. d. FALSE. The text calls it a new public health challenge, not a long-standing one. e. TRUE. We are relying on science and innovation to tackle the challenge.
Answer checked by Claude Sonnet · Oct 21, 2026
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- 2075 · Set CP · 5+5 marks
Read the text and do the tasks.
Reporter: Doctor, would you please tell me about Typhoid fever?
Dr. Rajan: Well, typhoid fever is a potentially fatal infectious disease caused by bacteria called Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A and B. The disease is common in developing countries like Nepal where sanitation is poor.
Reporter: What is an infectious disease? Could you please tell us how it is serious to humans?
Dr. Rajan: Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, virus, parasites or fungi. The disease can spread directly or indirectly from one person to another. You can get infected by touching, eating, drinking or breathing anything that contains microorganisms.
Infectious diseases are serious to humans as they can kill more people worldwide than any other single cause. The socio-economic impact of infectious diseases is huge because disease survivors may take several months to recover and resume their work.
Reporter: Doctor, how do we know if a person is suffering from typhoid? What are its symptoms?
Dr. Rajan: During the first week of infection, the patient has high grade fever, headache, bodyache and loss of appetite. Constipation may be present, although diarrhoea and vomiting may also be common in early illness. At the end of the first week, rashes called rose spots may appear on the upper abdomen and back. Patients may develop a cough and become delirious. By the end of the second week, patients may become profoundly ill unless the disease is treated by antibiotic treatment. In the third week the patients may pass into coma and die if no treatment is given.
A. Match the words in column 'A' with their meaning in column 'B'. (5x1=5)
Column 'A' Column 'B' a. infectious i. a deep unconscious state of mind b. constipation ii. restart c. resume iii. the condition of being unable to easily release solid waste from body. d. coma iv. not able to think or speak clearly because of fever or other illness. e. delirious v. liable to be transmitted to people. vi. any substance that inhibit the growth of bacteria.
B. Answer the following questions. (5x1=5)
a. What according to Dr. Rajan causes infectious diseases?
b. What is the main reason behind the spreading of typhoid in Nepal?
c. What are symptoms of typhoid during the first week?
d. What are the symptoms of typhoid that appear in the patients at the end of second week?
e. What may happen to the patient if timely treatment is not provided?
Dr. Rajan: Well, typhoid fever is a potentially fatal infectious disease caused by bacteria called Salmonella Typhi and Salmonella Paratyphi A and B. The disease is common in developing countries like Nepal where sanitation is poor.
Reporter: What is an infectious disease? Could you please tell us how it is serious to humans?
Dr. Rajan: Infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, virus, parasites or fungi. The disease can spread directly or indirectly from one person to another. You can get infected by touching, eating, drinking or breathing anything that contains microorganisms. Infectious diseases are serious to humans as they can kill more people worldwide than any other single cause. The socio-economic impact of infectious diseases is huge because disease survivors may take several months to recover and resume their work.
Reporter: Doctor, how do we know if a person is suffering from typhoid? What are its symptoms?
Dr. Rajan: During the first week of infection, the patient has high grade fever, headache, bodyache and loss of appetite. Constipation may be present, although diarrhoea and vomiting may also be common in early illness. At the end of the first week, rashes called rose spots may appear on the upper abdomen and back. Patients may develop a cough and become delirious. By the end of the second week, patients may become profoundly ill unless the disease is treated by antibiotic treatment. In the third week the patients may pass into coma and die if no treatment is given.
Answer
A.
(a) v. liable to be transmitted to people
(b) iii. the condition of being unable to easily release solid waste from the body
(c) ii. restart
(d) i. a deep unconscious state of mind
(e) iv. not able to think or speak clearly because of fever or other illness
B.
(a) According to Dr. Rajan, infectious diseases are caused by pathogenic microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, parasites or fungi.
(b) Poor sanitation is the main reason typhoid spreads in Nepal.
(c) In the first week the patient has high fever, headache, bodyache and loss of appetite. Constipation, diarrhoea or vomiting may also occur.
(d) By the end of the second week the patient may become profoundly ill if no antibiotic treatment is given.
(e) Without timely treatment, the patient may fall into a coma in the third week and die.
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Questions from SEE 2081 English (1011), Koshi (Official board paper (text PDF)), SEE 2081 English (1011), Madhesh (Official board paper (text PDF)), SEE 2081 English (1011), Bagmati (Official board paper (text PDF)), SEE 2081 English (1011), Gandaki (Official board paper (text PDF)), SEE 2081 English (1011), Lumbini (Official board paper (text PDF)), SEE 2081 English (1011), Karnali (Official board paper (text PDF)), SEE 2081 English (1011), Sudurpashchim (Official board paper (text PDF)), SEE 2080 English (1011), Koshi (Board exam (scanned PDF)), SEE 2080 English (1011), Madhesh (Board exam (scanned PDF)), SEE 2080 English (1011), Bagmati (Board exam (scanned PDF)), SEE 2080 English (1011), Gandaki (Board exam (scanned PDF)), SEE 2080 English (1011), Lumbini (Board exam (scanned PDF)), SEE 2080 English (1011), Karnali (Board exam (scanned PDF)), SEE 2080 English (1011), Sudurpashchim (Board exam (scanned PDF)), SEE 2080 English (GI-1011), grade increment (Grade-increment exam (scan); held month not stated, check page header), SEE 2081 English (GI-1011), grade increment (Grade-increment exam, 2025 (7 JPG scans); held month not stated, check page header), SEE 2082 English (1011), Koshi (Board exam, Chaitra 2082 (page of JPG images)), SEE 2082 English (1011), Madhesh (Board exam, Chaitra 2082 (page of JPG images)), SEE 2082 English (1011), Bagmati (Board exam, Chaitra 2082 (page of JPG images)), SEE 2082 English (1011), Gandaki (Board exam, Chaitra 2082 (page of JPG images)), SEE 2082 English (1011), Lumbini (Board exam, Chaitra 2082 (page of JPG images)), SEE 2082 English (1011), Karnali (Board exam, Chaitra 2082 (page of JPG images)), SEE 2082 English (1011), Sudurpashchim (Board exam, Chaitra 2082 (page of JPG images)), CDC Class 10 Compulsory English model paper (2080 grid) (Model paper inside the CDC specification grid (text PDF)), SEE 2075 Compulsory English RE-101 'AP' (new course) (Board exam, 2075 (2019), set AP; text PDF linked from the page), SEE 2075 Compulsory English RE-101 'BP' (new course) (Board exam, 2075 (2019), set BP; text PDF linked from the page), SEE 2075 Compulsory English RE-101 'CP' (new course) (Board exam, 2075 (2019), set CP; text PDF linked from the page), SEE 2075 Compulsory English RE-101 'DP' (new course) (Board exam, 2075 (2019), set DP; page images (same paper is also on dhanraj.com.np)), SEE 2075 Compulsory English RE-101 'EP' (new course) (Board exam, 2075 (2019), set EP; text PDF linked from the page), SEE 2075 Compulsory English RE-101 'GP' (new course) (Board exam, 2075 (2019), set GP; text PDF linked from the page), SEE 2075 Compulsory English RE-GE-101 (old course) (Board exam, 2075 (2019), old-course paper; only items that fit the current chapters are used), SEE 2074 Compulsory English RE-101 'AC' (new course) (Board exam, 2074 (2018), set AC; text PDF linked from the page), SEE 2074 Compulsory English RE-101 'CC' (new course) (Board exam, 2074 (2018), set CC; photographed copy, only the printed questions were used), SEE 2074 Compulsory English RE-101 (old course) (Board exam, 2074 (2018), old-course paper; only items that fit the current chapters are used), SEE 2078 (2022) Compulsory English, Reading and Writing (partial paper) (Three page images posted by Educate Nepal as SEE 2078 questions (questions 1 to 3 only)) and SEE Grade Increment 2082 (GI-1011) Compulsory English (Grade-increment exam, 2082 (2026); PDF). Answers are written for this site; check them against your class notes.
Chapter titles and hours from the official syllabus ↗