Chapter 2
विश्व जनसङ्ख्याको आकार, वितरण
NEB Class 12 past exam questions
Past questions and answers
3 questions set from this chapter. Most repeated first.
- NEB Class 12 Model Question 2079 Population Studies · 1 mark
Is the population growth rate of Nepal according to result of census 2078 B.S. lesser or greater than 2068 B.S.?
Answer
Lesser than 2068 B.S.
According to the National Census 2078 B.S. (2021), Nepal's annual population growth rate was 0.92%, which is lower than the 1.35% recorded in the census of 2068 B.S. (2011).
Answer checked by Claude Sonnet · Oct 21, 2026
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- NEB Class 12 Model Question 2079 Population Studies · 5 marks
Describe briefly the current population size and growth rate of SAARC countries.
Answer
SAARC has eight member countries: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Maldives, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka. The region is home to roughly one-fourth of the world's population (about 1.9–2.0 billion) on only about 3% of the world's land area.
| Country | Approx. population | Approx. annual growth rate |
|---|---|---|
| India | 1.43 billion | about 0.9–1% |
| Pakistan | 240 million | about 2% |
| Bangladesh | 170 million | about 1.1% |
| Afghanistan | 42 million | about 2.5% |
| Nepal | 29–30 million | 0.92% (Census 2078 B.S.) |
| Sri Lanka | 22 million | about 0.5% |
| Bhutan | 0.8 million | about 0.6% |
| Maldives | 0.5 million | about 0.5–1% |
- India alone makes up over 70% of the SAARC population, and Pakistan and Bangladesh follow.
- Afghanistan and Pakistan have the highest growth rates, while Sri Lanka, Bhutan and the Maldives have low growth rates.
- The regional average growth rate (about 1.1–1.3%) is above the world average (about 0.9%), so the large population puts pressure on food, jobs, health and education in the region.
Answer checked by Claude Sonnet · Oct 21, 2026
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- NEB Class 12 Model Question 2079 Population Studies · 5 marks
Describe briefly the current population size and growth rate of more developed and less developed countries.
Answer
The world population is about 8 billion (2022–23). The UN divides countries into more developed and less developed regions.
| Basis | More developed countries (MDCs) | Less developed countries (LDCs) |
|---|---|---|
| Population size | About 1.3 billion (about 16% of world) | About 6.7 billion (about 84% of world) |
| Growth rate | Very low, about 0.1% or less; some countries (Japan, Germany, Italy) are declining | Higher, about 1.2–1.5%; above 2.5% in Sub-Saharan Africa |
| Examples | USA, Canada, Japan, Germany, UK, Australia | Nepal, India, Bangladesh, most of Africa |
Reasons for the difference:
- MDCs have low fertility, high literacy, wide use of contraception and an ageing population.
- LDCs have high birth rates, early marriage, low contraceptive use, high infant mortality and a young population.
Thus most of the world's population and almost all of its growth is in the less developed countries.
Answer checked by Claude Sonnet · Oct 21, 2026
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Questions from NEB Class 12 Model Question 2079 Population Studies (Sub.Code 2241) (NEB model paper, 2079 (2023), current curriculum), NEB Class 12 2076 Population Education/Studies 246'C' (NEB board exam 2076 (2019), old curriculum, FM 80; only questions fitting the current outline kept) and NEB Class 12 Model Question 2077 (2020) Population Education/Studies 246 (NEB model paper 2077 (COVID-era, FM 32), old curriculum). Answers are written for this site; check them against your class notes.
Chapter titles and hours from the official syllabus ↗